内容简介
东方文学是世界文学不可或缺的组成部分,在世界文学发展占有重要地位,对世界文学的进步做出了巨大贡献。研究东方文学对研究整个世界文学具有重要意义。本书对东方文学研究中的若干重要理论问题,如东方文学的定义、意义、历史地位、基本特征、东方三大文化体系及其与文学的关系、我国东方文学研究史要等,进行了分析和归纳、探讨和论述。本书是一部文学理论著作,可供大学有关专业师生和社会有关人士阅读和参考。
目录
绪论 建立东方文学学科的依据和从事东方文学研究的意义······························1
第一章 东方文学的历史地位··················································································6
第一节 古代东方地区是世界文学的摇篮······················································6
第二节 中古东方文学光辉灿烂成绩卓著····················································14
第三节 近代东方文学发展不够充分但却放射异彩····································24
第四节 现代东方文学正在蓬勃发展前途无量············································33
第二章 东方文学的基本特征················································································44
第一节 历史悠久源远流长············································································44
第二节 民族浓厚鲜明············································································47
第三节 道路漫长迂回曲折············································································54
第四节 民间文学繁荣兴旺············································································60
第五节 宗教影响既广且深············································································68
第三章 中国文化体系与东方文学········································································78
第一节 中国文化体系的形成和特质····························································78
第二节 中国文化体系对日本文学的影响····················································85
第三节 中国文化体系对朝鲜文学的影响····················································94
第四节 中国文化体系对越南文学的影响··················································100
第三节 中国文化体系对东方其他国家文学的影响··································107
第六节 中国文化体系对东方各国文学影响的比较研究··························115
第七
摘要与插图
据大量考古资料和历史记载证明,西亚的两河流域和北非的尼罗河流域是人类先摆脱蒙昧状态、进入文明社会的地区。大约从公元前4800年左右起,
苏美尔人便已住在亚洲西南部的幼发拉底河和底格里斯河流域(即美索不达米
亚平原),并且创造了欧贝德文化。到公元前3500年至前3100年的乌鲁克文化
时期,各地开始出现若干小型城市,城中有较大规模的神庙,并有文字和印章,
这是初期文明的表现。有的学者认为,在随后的杰姆代特奈斯尔文化时期(前
3100~前2900)已经形成城邦国家。公元前2900年以后为苏美尔早王朝时期,
也就是奴隶制城邦的繁荣时代。公元前2371年,苏美尔早王朝为阿卡德人所
建立的阿卡德王国所取代。此后则有古巴比伦、亚述和新巴比伦等王国相继在
这块土地上诞生。大约与此同时,非洲东北部的尼罗河流域形成了人类生活
的另一个聚集地。人们在这里先后创造了拜达里文化、阿姆拉文化和格尔塞文
化,而格尔塞文化(约前3500~前3100)则是当地进入文明时代的标志,因为
这时业已产生贵族与平民、奴隶主与奴隶的阶级区分,有些地方已经发展成为
城市公社性质的小型城邦。其后,传说美尼斯于公元前3100年左右统一上埃
及和下埃及,成为有史以来的第一位埃及国王,埃及从此进入早王朝时代(约
前3100~前2686);而到了古王国时代(约前2686~前2181),埃及则实现了真
正的统一,建立了奴隶制国家,确立了君主独裁的专制制度。